Please click here to see any active alerts. Skip to main content. Contact Us. Lodged by DOJ : An enforcement instrument e. Long Term Response Action : Remedial actions at a site involving treatment or other measures to clean up groundwater or surface water quality to a level that assures protection of human health and the environment. The operation of such treatment or other measures for a period of up to ten years after the remedy becomes operational and functional is considered a long-term response action.
Military Constituents MC : Any materials originating from unexploded ordnance, discarded military munitions, or other military munitions, including explosive and non-explosive materials, and emission, degradation, or breakdown elements of such ordnance or munitions.
Military Munitions : All ammunition products and components produced for or used by the armed forces for national defense and security, including ammunition products or components under the control of the Department of Defense, the Coast Guard, the Department of Energy, and the National Guard. The term includes confined gaseous, liquid, and solid propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, chemical and riot control agents, smokes, and incendiaries, including bulk explosives and chemical warfare agents, chemical munitions, rockets, guided and ballistic missiles, bombs, warheads, mortar rounds, artillery ammunition, small arms ammunition, grenades, mines, torpedoes, depth charges, cluster munitions and dispensers, demolition charges, and devices and components thereof.
The term does not include wholly inert items, improvised explosive devices, and nuclear weapons, nuclear devices, and nuclear components, except that the term does include non-nuclear components of nuclear devices that are managed under the nuclear weapons program of the Department of Energy after all required sanitization operations under the Atomic Energy Act of 42 U.
Please also see the definition for Archive. The NPL PRP search should begin upon completion of the screening site investigation and should be conducted concurrent with the national priorities listing process. No Action Record of Decision : A Record of Decision that states that a "no action alternative," meaning no change from the present course of action, or a decision to not implement a proposed action, has been selected by the appropriate agency official.
Non-Consensual Judicial Order : Any order issued by the court other than a consent order or administrative default order. Notice of Intent by All Parties : The point at which all parties have responded to a notice of intent to comply with an enforcement action. NSI-Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act Capacity : Studies undertaken by the state in accordance with the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act SARA to ensure the availability of an acceptable hazardous waste disposal facility for any necessary offsite storage, treatment, destruction, or secure disposition of the hazardous substances found at all Superfund sites within the state.
Operable Unit OU : During cleanup, a site can be divided into a number of distinct areas depending on the complexity of the problems associated with the site. These areas called operable units may address geographic areas of a site, specific site problems, or areas where a specific action is required. An example of a typical operable unit could include removal of drums and tanks from the surface of a site.
Operations and Maintenance : Site activities associated with a remedy that must be performed after the completion of a remedial action. Order Generic : Action used to describe any combination of specific enforcement related orders. Other Cleanup Activity OCA : OCA sites are sites that have completed the Superfund remedial assessment process site assessment process , are considered to be NPL caliber, and have been referred to a federal, state, or tribal managed cleanup program for remedial-type work without EPA enforcement or oversight.
Remedial-type work can include comprehensive cleanup determinations, interim cleanup actions, removals or final cleanup decisions including decisions that cleanup is not required. Outcome : Additional information provided in response to a cleanup action that is underway or completed.
Outcomes can describe: the level of priority assigned to a site; the recommendation of further action at a site; or the recommendation of an additional action to be undertaken at a site. The portion may be a defined geographic unit of the site, perhaps as small as a residential unit, or the portion may be a specific medium at the site, such as groundwater, depending on the nature or extent of the release. Post-Construction : Superfund Post-Construction is a cleanup phase where several activities are generally undertaken at sites following the construction of response actions.
These activities include operation and maintenance and long-term response actions; five-year reviews, close-out reports, and deletion from the NPL. The goal of Superfund Post-Construction is to ensure that response actions provide for the long-term protection of human health and the environment. Potentially Responsible Party PRP : Any individual or company--including owners, operators, transporters or generators--potentially responsible for, or contributing to a spill or other contamination at a Superfund site.
Whenever possible, through administrative and legal actions, EPA requires PRPs to clean up hazardous sites they have contaminated. These activities include planning, implementation, and writing of a responsiveness summary. Be consistent across all 'removal' definitions but modify for lead type.
Potentially Responsible Party Feasibility Study : A study of a hazardous waste site conducted by a potentially responsible party to 1 evaluate alternative remedial actions from technical, environmental, and cost effectiveness perspectives 2 recommend the cost-effective remedial action and 3 prepare a conceptual design , a cost estimate for budgetary purposes, and a preliminary construction schedule. Potentially Responsible Party Long-Term Response Action : Remedial actions conducted by a potentially responsible party at a site involving treatment or other measures to clean up groundwater or surface water quality to a level that assures protection of human health and the environment.
The operation of such treatment or other measures until the remedy becomes operational and functional and continues until cleanup levels are met will be considered a long-term response action. Potentially Responsible Party Remedial Action : A PRP RA is the actual construction or implementation phase of a Superfund site cleanup that follows remedial design and is conducted by the potentially responsible party. Potentially Responsible Party Remedial Design : PRP Remedy Design RD is the phase in Superfund site cleanup where the technical specifications for cleanup remedies and technologies are designed by a potentially responsible party.
Potentially Responsible Party Remedial Investigation : An investigation conducted by the potentially responsible party that is intended to gather the data necessary to: 1 determine the nature and extent of problems at the site; 2 establish cleanup criteria for the site; 3 identify preliminary alternative remedial actions; and 4 support the technical and cost analyses of the alternatives.
Potentially Responsible Party Removal : A PRP removal is a short-term cleanup conducted by the Potentially Responsible Party and is intended to stabilize or clean up a site that poses an imminent and substantial threat to human health or the environment. Pre-Design Assistance : Procurement of a design consultant for fund-financed design activities.
Preliminary Assessment : An assessment of information about a site and its surrounding area. A Preliminary Assessment is designed to determine whether a site poses little or no threat to human health and the environment or if it does pose a threat, whether the threat requires further investigation. Preliminary Close-Out Report Prepared : A report prepared by the remedial program manager RPM verifying that physical construction of the remedy is complete, indicating minor punch list items that remain and outlining a schedule of the outstanding activities.
Preliminary Injunction : Legal action by judge to compel or prohibit action by responsible parties. Preparation of Cost Document Package : Package prepared in support of cost recovery actions containing site-specific cost documentation information for direct expenditures i. EPA accepts and responds to comments on a site, and if a site continues to meet criteria for final listing, will be listed as final on the NPL.
EPA accepts and responds to comments on a site, and if a site continues to meet criteria for Final listing, will be listed as Final on the NPL. The intent of a PPA is to remove certain liability barriers in the purchase of property and encourage redevelopment. EPA assesses information from potential or actual purchaser resulting in a decision to grant or deny the request. Public Notice Published : Publication in the local newspaper of the availability of documents for public review, such as the administrative record, proposed plan, and deletion package.
Real Property Acquisition : Includes all activities necessary in the acquisition of real property related to a regional Response Action Contract. Record of Decision : A public document that explains which cleanup alternative s will be used at National Priorities List sites.
Record of Decision ROD Amendment : Significant change from the original selected remedy stated in the original Record of Decision ROD , such as the use of a new technology to address contamination or the discovery of a new contaminated medium e. Remedial Action : The actual construction or implementation phase of a Superfund site cleanup that follows remedial design. Remedial Action Master Plan : A planning document that identifies projects which are necessary for restoration of a hazardous waste site.
The Remedial Action Master Plan may contain such plans as a survey of existing data, the scheduling of planning and implementation actions and statements of work, and a project budget, among others.
Remedial Design : Remedy design RD is the phase in Superfund site cleanup where the technical specifications for cleanup remedies and technologies are designed. Remedial Investigation : An investigation intended to gather the data necessary to: 1 determine the nature and extent of problems at the site; 2 establish cleanup criteria for the site; 3 identify preliminary alternative remedial actions; and 4 support the technical and cost analyses of the alternatives.
Remedial Technology : The name of a technology used to treat, stabilize, contain, or remove contaminated media. Remedy Construction : Remedy Construction is the phase in Superfund site cleanup where the actual remedy e. Remedy Design : Remedy Design RD is the phase in Superfund site cleanup where the technical specifications for cleanup remedies and technologies are designed.
Removal : A removal is a short-term cleanup intended to stabilize or clean up a site that poses an imminent and substantial threat to human health or the environment. Read the news release. EPA is adding and proposing sites to the NPL where releases of contamination pose significant human health and environmental risks. Read the news release Learn about the NPL. To protect public health and the environment, the Superfund program focuses on making a visible and lasting difference in communities, ensuring that people can live and work in healthy, vibrant places.
You can also fill out a form online at epa. They are regularly used in a wide variety of industries, and are toxic to people and the environment. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of official name for the Superfund program, the federal program that cleans up toxic waste sites.
The U. Congress has two bodies, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Superfund site where no polluters are held responsible and government funds the entire cleanup. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit.
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The Industrial Revolution was the transition from creating goods by hand to using machines. Its start and end are widely debated by scholars, but the period generally spanned from about to According to some, this turning point in history is responsible for an increase in population, an increase in the standard of living, and the emergence of the capitalist economy.
Teach your students about the Industrial Revolution with these resources. The environmental hazards you face depend on where you live. For example, if you live in northern California you are more likely to be impacted by a wildfire, landslide, or earthquake than if you live in Charleston, South Carolina, but less likely to be hit by a hurricane.
This is because the physical conditions in each place are different. The active San Andreas fault runs through California and causes regular earthquakes, while the warm waters transported by the Gulf Stream can intensify a storm heading for South Carolina. These environmental hazards shape human activity regionally. Learn more about environmental hazards with this curated resource collection. Profile of Dr. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students.
Skip to content. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Article Vocabulary. Love Canal In , a businessman named William T. Shared Responsibility Superfund is a unique program because it makes polluters responsible for paying part of the cleanup cost. A former Superfund site is now home to a healthy green field.
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